Mechanical & Engine Failure · NTSB ANC11FA065

PIPER PA-12 — Delta, AK

1 fatal Low-time pilot
DateJuly 17, 2011
LocationDelta, AK
AircraftPIPER PA-12
Purpose of flightPersonal
ConditionsDay · Visual Meteorological Cond
Phase / occurrenceEmergency descent Loss of control in flight
Pilot age28
Pilot total time230 hrs · Low time
Time in typeUnknown
Fatalities1

Probable cause

The pilot's decision to make a low-altitude turn back to the airport following a loss of engine power, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and loss of control. Contributing to the severity of the pilot's injuries was the separation of the pilot's seat during impact.

NTSB findings

  • Aircraft-Aircraft power plant-Engine (reciprocating)-(general)-Inoperative - C
  • Not determined-Not determined-(general)-(general)-Unknown/Not determined
  • Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Airspeed-Not attained/maintained - C
  • Environmental issues-Conditions/weather/phenomena-Temp/humidity/pressure-Conducive to carburetor icing-Not specified
  • Aircraft-Aircraft structures-Fuselage-Seat/cargo attach fitting-Failure - F
  • Personnel issues-Action/decision-Info processing/decision-Decision making/judgment-Pilot - C

What happened

Witnesses reported that the airplane was departing a private airstrip. It reached an altitude of about 200-300 feet above the ground when the engine lost all power, and the airplane began a left turn. During the turn, the airplane's nose pitched down abruptly, and the airplane collided with the ground in a steep, nose-down attitude. Two of the witnesses, both of whom are pilots, noted that before the loss of power, the engine made some popping noises and sounded unusual.

A postaccident examination of the airframe and engine disclosed no mechanical malfunctions. A carburetor icing probability chart indicated that the relative humidity and temperature at a nearby airport about the time of the accident was conducive to serious icing at glide power. Although carburetor icing was possible, absent any mechanical malfunctions or fuel contamination, it could not be determined why the engine lost power.

The accident site was adjacent to a road and about 300 yards from a clear field. Despite these potential landing areas, the pilot decided to attempt to return to the airstrip by initiating a turn at low altitude and low airspeed following the loss of engine power, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and a loss of control with insufficient altitude to recover.

During the impact, the pilot's seat separated from the airframe and moved forward about 6 inches, which allowed the pilot to impact the instrument panel and subsequently contributed to the severity of the pilot's injuries.

An editorial "what led to it / how to avoid it" analysis for this accident is generated separately and will appear here.

View the official NTSB docket →