VFR into IMC · NTSB CEN13FA039

CESSNA 320E — San Marcos, TX

1 fatal NightIMC
DateNovember 1, 2012
LocationSan Marcos, TX
AircraftCESSNA 320E
Purpose of flightPersonal
ConditionsNight/Dark · Instrument Meteorological Cond
Phase / occurrenceInitial climb Loss of visual reference
Pilot age66
Pilot total time783 hrs · Building experience
Time in type29 hrs
Fatalities1

Probable cause

The non-instrument-rated pilot’s decision to takeoff in night instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in spatial disorientation and a loss of control.

NTSB findings

  • Personnel issues-Experience/knowledge-Experience/qualifications-Total instrument experience-Pilot - C
  • Environmental issues-Conditions/weather/phenomena-Ceiling/visibility/precip-Fog-Decision related to condition
  • Personnel issues-Task performance-Use of equip/info-Aircraft control-Pilot - C

What happened

A fixed-base operator employee observed the pilot preflight his twin-engine airplane and then pulled the pilot’s airplane from the hangar. The employee gave the pilot directions to runway 17 but was unable to see him taxi to that location because of fog. The non-instrument-rated pilot subsequently took off in night instrument meteorological conditions with visibility less than 2 1/2 miles. The airplane crashed less than 1 mile south of the airport shortly after takeoff and witnesses saw and heard the resultant explosion. Video footage of the accident revealed that the airplane impacted the ground in a 45-degree nose-down attitude. Examination of the airplane and engines did not reveal any mechanical anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. Based on the wreckage distribution, low visibility, and the pilot’s lack of an instrument rating, the accident is consistent with the pilot’s loss of control due to spatial disorientation.

An editorial "what led to it / how to avoid it" analysis for this accident is generated separately and will appear here.

View the official NTSB docket →