Low-Altitude Maneuvering · NTSB CEN14FA024

BELLANCA 14-19-3A — Boerne, TX

1 fatal Low altitude
DateOctober 27, 2013
LocationBoerne, TX
AircraftBELLANCA 14-19-3A
Purpose of flightPersonal
ConditionsDay · Visual Meteorological Cond
Phase / occurrenceManeuvering Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT)
Pilot age47
Pilot total time630 hrs · Building experience
Time in type2 hrs
Fatalities1

Probable cause

A defective exhaust system that allowed carbon monoxide to enter the cabin and impair the pilot, rendering him unable to control the airplane.

NTSB findings

  • Personnel issues-Physical-Impairment/incapacitation-Carbon monoxide-Pilot - C
  • Aircraft-Aircraft power plant-Engine exhaust-(general)-Damaged/degraded - C
  • Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-(general)-Not attained/maintained - C

What happened

The pilot was returning to his home airport. A review of radar data showed the accident airplane in a straight-line descent from cruise flight at a rate of nearly 2,900 ft per minute. The descent resulted in a loss of 8,100 ft in less than 3 minutes until the airplane disappeared from radar in the vicinity of the accident site.

Disassembly of the airplane's cabin heat shroud, which provided heated air to the cabin, revealed evidence of cracks and holes in the muffler wall and exhaust gas penetration into the interior of the shroud. According to the autopsy report, the pilot died as a result of thermal injuries and smoke inhalation, with soot present in the upper airway and 37% carbon monoxide found in his blood postmortem. Based on the lack of soot in the lower airway and the elevated carbon monoxide levels, the majority of the carbon monoxide in the pilot's blood was likely from inhalation during the flight at levels that would have impaired his ability to safely fly the airplane. Although cetirizine, also known as Zyrtec® (used to temporarily relieve allergy symptoms and could cause drowsiness), was also detected in the pilot's urine and blood, the detected level indicated that impairment from the drug was unlikely.

An editorial "what led to it / how to avoid it" analysis for this accident is generated separately and will appear here.

View the official NTSB docket →