Loss of Control in Flight · NTSB CEN17FA167

CESSNA 421C — Huntsville, TX

1 fatal High-time pilot
DateApril 25, 2017
LocationHuntsville, TX
AircraftCESSNA 421C
Purpose of flightFlight Test
ConditionsDay · Visual Meteorological Cond
Phase / occurrenceApproach Loss of control in flight
Pilot age62
Pilot total time1,567 hrs · Experienced
Time in type219 hrs
Fatalities1

Probable cause

The pilot's failure to identify the alternate runway, to perform a timely precautionary landing, and to maintain airplane control. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the left engine due to oil starvation for reasons that could not be determined based on the postaccident examination.

NTSB findings

  • Aircraft-Aircraft power plant-Eng oil sys (airframe furnish)-Quantity-Not serviced/maintained - F
  • Aircraft-Fluids/misc hardware-Fluids-Oil-Fluid level - F
  • Not determined-Not determined-(general)-(general)-Unknown/Not determined - F
  • Personnel issues-Psychological-Attention/monitoring-Monitoring environment-Pilot - C
  • Personnel issues-Action/decision-Action-Lack of action-Pilot - C
  • Personnel issues-Task performance-Use of equip/info-Aircraft control-Pilot - C
  • Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-(general)-Not attained/maintained - C

What happened

While conducting a postmaintenance test flight in visual flight rules conditions, the private pilot of the multi-engine airplane reported an oil leak to air traffic control. The controller provided vectors for the pilot to enter a right base leg for a landing to the south at the nearest airport, about 7 miles away. The pilot turned toward the airport but indicated that he did not have the airport in sight. Further, while maneuvering toward the airport, the pilot reported that the engine was "dead," and he still did not see the airport.  The final radar data point recorded the airplane's position about 3.5 miles west-northwest of the approach end of the runway; the wreckage site was located about 4 miles northeast of the runway, indicating that the pilot flew past the airport rather than turning onto a final approach for landing. The reason that the pilot did not see the runway during the approach to the alternate airport, given that the airplane was operating in visual conditions and the controller was issuing guidance information, could not be determined. Regardless, the pilot did not execute a precautionary landing in a timely manner and lost control of the airplane.

Examination of the airplane's left engine revealed that the No. 2 connecting rod was broken. The connecting rod bearings exhibited signs of heat distress and discoloration consistent with a lack of lubrication. The engine's oil pump was intact, and the gears were wet with oil. Based on the available evidence, the engine failure was the result of oil starvation; however, examination could not identify the reason for the starvation.

An editorial "what led to it / how to avoid it" analysis for this accident is generated separately and will appear here.

View the official NTSB docket →