VFR into IMC · NTSB CEN17FA288

ZENITH CH701SP — Laddonia, MO

2 fatal Low-time pilotNightIMCLow altitude
DateJuly 27, 2017
LocationLaddonia, MO
AircraftZENITH CH701SP (amateur-built)
Purpose of flightPersonal
ConditionsNight · Instrument Meteorological Cond
Phase / occurrenceManeuvering-low-alt flying Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT)
Pilot age41
Pilot total time272 hrs · Low time
Time in type98 hrs
Fatalities2

Probable cause

The pilot's decision to take off at night and continue visual flight into instrument meteorological conditions. which resulted in the pilot becoming spatially disoriented and losing control of the airplane. Contributing to the accident were the pilot's degraded decision-making due to his use of a combination of impairing prescription drugs, and the pilot's lack of instrument and night flight experience.

NTSB findings

  • Personnel issues-Action/decision-Info processing/decision-Decision making/judgment-Pilot - C
  • Environmental issues-Conditions/weather/phenomena-Ceiling/visibility/precip-Below VFR minima-Contributed to outcome - C
  • Personnel issues-Psychological-Perception/orientation/illusion-Spatial disorientation-Pilot - C
  • Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-(general)-Not attained/maintained - C
  • Personnel issues-Task performance-Use of equip/info-Aircraft control-Pilot - C
  • Personnel issues-Physical-Impairment/incapacitation-Prescription medication-Pilot - F
  • Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Aircraft capability-Instrument flight capability-Incorrect use/operation
  • Environmental issues-Task environment-Pressures/demands-Personal pressure-Contributed to outcome
  • Personnel issues-Action/decision-Info processing/decision-Decision making/judgment-Pilot - F
  • Personnel issues-Experience/knowledge-Experience/qualifications-Qualification/certification-Pilot - F
  • Personnel issues-Experience/knowledge-Experience/qualifications-Total instrument experience-Pilot - F

What happened

Although he had no night or instrument flight experience, the sport pilot departed in a non-instrument-certificated light sport airplane at night with an overcast ceiling and thunderstorms in the area. Radar data showed that the airplane proceeded on course for about 9 minutes and then entered a right descending turn that continued to ground impact, which was consistent with the pilot attempting to return to the departure airport and not paying attention to his altitude. Examination of the accident site revealed that the airplane struck open level farm land in a right wing-low, nose-low attitude. Examination of the engine and airframe did not reveal any evidence of preimpact anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. It is likely that the pilot continued visual flight into an area of instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in the pilot experiencing a loss of visual reference and subsequent spatial disorientation.

The pilot had a history of chronic insomnia treated with temazepam, a sedating benzodiazepine, and was regularly prescribed hydrocodone, an opioid analgesic. Toxicology testing detected these drugs and their metabolites in the pilot's system. The pilot was likely impaired by effects from his use of temazepam, and the impairing effects of temazepam were likely enhanced by the pilot's use of hydrocodone. It is likely that the pilot's decision-making was degraded due to his combined use of temazepam and hydrocodone.

An editorial "what led to it / how to avoid it" analysis for this accident is generated separately and will appear here.

View the official NTSB docket →