Controlled Flight Into Terrain · NTSB ERA21LA124

CESSNA 441 — Belvidere , TN

2 fatal High-time pilotIMCBase-to-final turn
DateFebruary 7, 2021
LocationBelvidere , TN
AircraftCESSNA 441
Purpose of flightPersonal
ConditionsDay · Instrument Meteorological Cond
Phase / occurrenceApproach-IFR final approach Controlled flight into terr/obj (CFIT)
Pilot age78
Pilot total time18,800 hrs · High time
Time in typeUnknown
Fatalities2

Probable cause

The pilot’s failure to follow the published instrument approach procedure by prematurely descending the airplane below the final approach fix altitude to fly under the low ceiling conditions, which resulted in controlled flight into terrain.

NTSB findings

  • Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Altitude-Not attained/maintained
  • Personnel issues-Action/decision-Action-Incorrect action performance-Pilot
  • Environmental issues-Conditions/weather/phenomena-Ceiling/visibility/precip-Obscuration-Contributed to outcome

What happened

The pilot was conducting a cross-country flight and was beginning an instrument flight rules approach from the south. Weather conditions at the destination airport included a ceiling between 800 and 1,000 ft and light rime icing conditions in clouds; the pilot was aware of these conditions. Elevated, wooded terrain existed along the final approach course.

Radar and automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast data revealed that the airplane crossed the intermediate approach fix at the correct altitude; however, the pilot descended the airplane below the final approach fix altitude about 4 miles before the fix. The airplane continued in a gradual descent until radar contact was lost. No distress calls were received from the airplane before the accident. The airplane crashed on a north-northwesterly heading about 5 miles south of the runway threshold. The elevation at the accident site was about 1,880 ft, which was about 900 ft higher than the airport elevation. Postaccident examination of the airframe, engines, and propellers revealed no evidence of a pre-existing mechanical failure or anomaly that would have precluded normal operation.

Because of the weather conditions at the time of the final approach, the pilot likely attempted to fly the airplane under the weather to visually acquire the runway. The terrain along the final approach course would have been obscured in low clouds at the time, resulting in controlled flight into terrain.

An editorial "what led to it / how to avoid it" analysis for this accident is generated separately and will appear here.

View the official NTSB docket →