Stall / Spin · NTSB ERA22FA024

MOONEY M20J — Holly Ridge, NC

2 fatal High-time pilot
DateOctober 21, 2021
LocationHolly Ridge, NC
AircraftMOONEY M20J
Purpose of flightPersonal
ConditionsDay · Visual Meteorological Cond
Phase / occurrenceInitial climb Aerodynamic stall/spin
Pilot age62
Pilot total time2,375 hrs · Experienced
Time in typeUnknown
Fatalities2, 1 serious

Probable cause

The pilot’s exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, which resulted in a stall/mush during takeoff and initial climb. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s loading the airplane near its maximum allowable gross weight and near its aft cg limit.

NTSB findings

  • Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Climb rate-Not attained/maintained
  • Personnel issues-Task performance-Use of equip/info-Use of equip/system-Pilot
  • Aircraft-Aircraft handling/service-Loading-(general)-Incorrect use/operation

What happened

The pilot and three passengers were departing from a 3,591-ft-long grass runway when the accident occurred. Review of a video recorded by a witness on the ground revealed that, after becoming airborne, the airplane’s wings wobbled as it climbed, turned left, and descended into a wooded area about two-thirds down the runway. Onboard video recorded by a surviving passenger revealed that the engine continued to operate throughout the accident sequence and sounds consistent with a stall warning horn were heard before impact.

The amount of fuel onboard the airplane at the time of the accident was not determined. The airplane’s weight and balance at the time of the accident was estimated using the actual weights of the occupants and both full fuel tanks and half-full fuel tanks. With the fuel tanks filled to half capacity, the airplane was about 72 lbs under its maximum allowable gross weight and about 2 inches forward of the aft center of gravity limit.

Sound spectrum analysis of the audio portions of each video revealed that the engine was operating at or near its maximum takeoff power setting of 2,700 rpm, and engine sound was smooth and continuous throughout. Examination of the airframe and engine revealed no preimpact mechanical anomalies that would have prevented normal operation. The wing flaps were found retracted; the pilot’s operating handbook for the airplane indicated that flaps should be extended to 15° for takeoff.

An editorial "what led to it / how to avoid it" analysis for this accident is generated separately and will appear here.

View the official NTSB docket →